Apoptosis and Programmed Cell Death

1. Explain extrinsic signal and intrinsic signal, mention the differences and similarities.
2. Explain programmed cell death.
3. What is p53? And how is it regulated?

1. Explain extrinsic signal and intrinsic signal, mention the differences and similarities.

Intrinsic and extrinsic signals refer to the signals that initiate apoptosis. Intrinsic signals come from within the cell and initiate mitochondrial stress. Under stress cytochrome c is released from the mitochondria and activates apf-1 (apoptotic protease-activating factor 1). Apf-1 in combination with g-ATP results in formation of the Apaf1–caspase-9 apoptosome complex. Subsequently procaspase-3 is activating triggering a caspase cascade leading to cell death....

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