1. DNA fragments that are 100 bp, 1500 bp, and 5000 bp in length are separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Which fragment will migrate the farthest in the gel?
a. 100 bp fragment
b. 1500 bp fragment
c. 5000 bp fragment
d. the fragments will all migrate equal distances in the gel
2. A plasmid has two antibiotic resistance genes, one for ampicillin and one for kanamycin. The plasmid is cut with an enzyme that cuts within the middle of the ampicillin resistance gene. DNA fragments containing the human ß-globin gene cut with the same restriction enzyme are mixed with the digested plasmid. The mixture is then incubated with DNA ligase and transformed into competent E. coli cells. Bacteria that have taken up a recombinant plasmid containing the human ß-globin gene
a. are blue and can grow on plates with both antibiotics
b. can grow on plates with ampicillin but not with kanamycin
c. can grow on plates with kanamycin but not with ampicillin
d. cannot grow with any antibiotics
e. are blue and can grow on plates with kanamycin
3. When a dideoxynucleotide is incorporated into a growing DNA strand during DNA replication,
a. the strand is elongated faster
b. the strand cannot be elongated
C. the strand becomes more susceptible to cleavage by a restriction endonuclease
d. the strand can be ligated into a cloning vector
4. When creating a recombinant DNA molecule, what enzyme must be added to form a phosphodiester bond between two DNA fragments with compatible sticky ends?
5. A polypeptide has the following amino acid sequence:
Met-Ser-Pro-Arg-Leu-Glu-Gly The amino acid sequence of this polypeptide was determined in a series of mutants listed in parts a through c. For each mutant, indicate the type of mutation that occurred in the DNA (e.g. single base substitution, Insertion, deletion) and the effect on the polypeptide sequence (e.g. nonsense mutation, missense mutation, frameshift mutation, etc.).
a. Mutant 1: Met-Ser-Ser-Arg-Leu-Glu-Gly
b. Mutant 2: Met-Ser-Pro
c. Mutant 3: Met-Ser Pro-Asp-Trp-Arg-Asp-Lys
6. Design a pair of primers (each 9 nucleotides in length) that would successfully amplify the portion of the DNA sequence shown below in capital letters. Be sure to label the 5'and
3' ends of the primers.
5'attaggettatgCCGATTTACACGAATTGTCTGCGCTGATAGATettagegtgt 3'
3'taatcegaataoGGCTAMATGTGCTTAACAGACGCGACTATCTAgaatogcaca 5'

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1. The agarose gel is made up of many perforations through which DNA fragments travel. The denser the agarose gel, the smaller the perforations are. And this is seen as a characteristic of the gel to separate DNA fragments more precisely. Certain agarose gels can separate fragments that differ by 1 base pair. The smaller the DNA molecule fragment, the farther it will travel. Small DNA fragments more easily pass through the perforation of the gel, and with that they migrate faster and further. The answer...