Assignment 1. In a file called optimize.py, write a funtion, ca...

Assignment

1. In a file called optimize.py, write a funtion, called optimize_step, the finds the largest value of a   function, between a set of bounds when called like this:
x = optimize_step(f, bounds, n),
where f is the function, bounds is a tuple specifying the lower (inclusive) and upper (exclusive) bounds, and n is the number of steps. This function should start at the lower bound, and take n evenly-spaced evaluations of f, returning the x value of the largest one.

2. Write another function, optimize_random, that takes the same arguments, but uses n random samples between the bounds.

3. Compare the accuracy of your two functions and the Python optimization function we talked about in
class (minimize_scalar) to the actual x value of the maximal value, on a couple of different functions.
Show one function for which the built-in optimizer works well, and one for which it works poorly. Graph the performance of your two approaches as a function of the number of function evaluations you make, and show the accuracy of the built-in function on the same graph, noting how many evaluations it used.

4. In a file called integrate.py, write a function, called integrate_mc, that calculates and returns a Monte Carlo approximation to the definite integral of a function, and can be called like this:
i = integrate_mc(f, bounds, n) where f is the function, bounds are the lower and upper bounds, and n is the number of Monte Carlo samples. You can assume that the function is strictly positive over the integration interval.

5. Graph the approximation error, as a function of the number of samples, of your method for some function.

These solutions may offer step-by-step problem-solving explanations or good writing examples that include modern styles of formatting and construction of bibliographies out of text citations and references. Students may use these solutions for personal skill-building and practice. Unethical use is strictly forbidden.

def ack(m, n):

    """
    Evaluates the ackermann function
    """

    if m == 0:
       return n + 1
    elif (m > 0) and (n == 0):
       return ack(m-1, 1)
    elif (m > 0) and (n > 0):
       return ack(m-1, ack(m, n-1))

# for larger values of m and n, maximum recursion depth is exceeded

# Exercise 4

def is_power(a, b):
    if a == b:
       return True
    return (a % b == 0) and is_power(a/b, b)

# Exercise 5

def gcd(a, b):

    if a == b or b == 0:
       return a
    elif a > b:
       return gcd(b, a)
    return gcd(a, b % a)...