Part 1—Multiple Choice
1. The property of a mineral to break along preferred and very smooth planes is called:
a) rupture
b) cleavage
c) fracture
d) tenacity

2. The best way to distinguish between amphibole and pyroxene is:
a) colour
b) hardness
c) lustre
d) cleavage
e) tenacity

3. The most abundant gas associated with volcanic activity is:
f) chlorine
g) carbon dioxide
h) sulphur oxide
i) water vapour
j) nitrogen

4. Eruptions of low-viscosity lavas tend to produce all of the following, except:
k) basaltic plateaux
l) shield volcanoes
m) spatter cones
n) volcanic domes
o) pahoehoe

5. The oceanic ridge system is the major site of:
p) pyroclastic flows
q) formation of magma by partial melting of crustal rocks
r) plate convergence
s) formation of composite volcanoes
t) formation of pillow basalts

6. Which of the rocks listed below is a product of explosive volcanism?
u) granite
v) diorite
w) tuff
x) gabbro
y) basalt

7. When magma crystallizes in a water-rich environment where ions can migrate easily, the rock that forms consists of:
z) a mixture of fine and coarse crystals
aa) mainly large crystals
bb) mainly small crystals
cc) a mixture of fragments
dd) only high-temperature minerals

8. A rock with large crystals (phenocrysts) in a matrix or groundmass that is very fine-grained or glassy is said to have this texture:
ee) vesicular
ff) fragmental
gg) porphyritic
hh) granular

9. The process in which previously formed minerals in a basaltic magma are separated from the magma by density is called:
ii) crystal settling
jj) assimilation
kk) the mixing of magmas
ll) metasomatism

10. What is the relationship between the silica content and viscosity of a magma?
mm) The greater the silica content the less the viscosity.
nn) The greater the silica content the greater the viscosity.
oo) Silica content only affects viscosity if the magma already has started to crystallize.
pp) Silica content only affects the viscosity of magmas above 100°C.
qq) there is no relationship between silica content and viscosity.

Part 2—Essay Questions
• Write an essay (no longer than 2 pages) describing the essential differences between shield volcanoes and composite volcanoes. Pay particular attention to differences in shape, composition, explosive activity, plate tectonic setting and potential volcanic hazards. Provide at least one example of each type of volcanism.
• Find a news story on a geoscience event (e.g., an earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslide) or a recent geological discovery (e.g., a new fossil find or discovery of a mineral deposit) from within the past two months. Write a brief summary of the story (up to one page), and post your summary to the “Geoscience News” discussion area on the Geology 1111 website. Feel free to attach a photo, diagram or table if you like. A location map is always useful. Be sure to cite your sources and include the date of the story.
• The story can be on any geological topic from any news source; including Internet news sites (Contact your Open Learning Faculty Member if you’re not sure if your choice is acceptable). Local stories are preferred, (e.g., from within a few hundred kilometres of your home) but international stories of global significance are fine too. Don’t rely entirely on the news source for information. Your description should also include some background information from a reliable source such as the textbook, or a government or university website. Please post your submission no later than the date that you submit the first assignment to your Open Learning Faculty Member.
• You are encouraged to read the various submissions in the “Geoscience News” discussion area, and you should avoid duplicating one that has already been posted (unless you want to focus on a different aspect of the story). You are also encouraged to comment on any of the posted stories.)

Part 1—Multiple Choice 1. The property of a mineral to break alon...