1. African Americans _____ in the Confederate armies.
A. could only be servants and were not allowed to have arms
B. never served
C. rarely served as soldiers
D. fought in large numbers

2. Which statement about enslaved African Americans who escaped and made it to Union Army lines is correct?
A. They were returned to Southern slaveholders and re-enslaved.
B. They were considered contraband, or illegal property, and kept by the army.
C. They informally served the Union Army as irregulars or helpers.
D. All answers are correct.

3. Where did the Port Royal Experiment in the Civil War take place?
A. New Orleans and the surrounding areas
B. Missouri and Kansas
C. parts of Virginia controlled by the Union Army
D. the Sea Islands of South Carolina

4. By the end of the Civil War, in the summer of 1865, most enslaved people had been freed because of _____.
A. the Thirteenth Amendment
B. the Emancipation Proclamation
C. desperate last-minute laws passed by the rebel government
D. General Don Carlos Buell

5. Which of the following statements about African American soldiers in the Civil War is NOT correct?
A. African Americans died in higher percentages than white soldiers from both combat and illness.
B. African Americans were rarely allowed to become officers and were rarely promoted.
C. African American soldiers were awarded the Butler Medal but not allowed to receive the Medal of Honor.
D. African American soldiers fought in more than 400 combat engagements in the Civil War.

6. Where were conditions best for enslaved African Americans in 1862?
A. parts of Louisiana occupied by Union troops
B. the Sea Islands of South Carolina
C. northern Border States of Kentucky and Maryland
D. peaceful parts of Georgia and Alabama

7. Which of the following statements about African American soldiers in the Civil War is NOT correct?
A. African Americans died in higher percentages than white soldiers from both combat and illness.
B. African Americans were rarely allowed to become officers and were rarely promoted.
C. African American soldiers were awarded the Butler Medal but not allowed to receive the Medal of Honor.
D. African American soldiers fought in more than 400 combat engagements in the Civil War.

8. Which of the following statements about the Louisiana Native Guard is correct?
A. The Native Guard fought for the Union and then switched to the Confederacy.
B. The Native Guard was unique in that it had African American officers.
C. The Native Guard assaulted Fort Wagner, a battle depicted in the film Glory.
D. All answers are correct.

9. Confederate forces often _____ surrendering African American soldiers.
A. liberated
B. rewarded
C. killed
D. fined

10. Which of the following statements was the most likely reason for Lincoln's delivery of the Emancipation Proclamation?
A. Lincoln's generals thought freeing the enslaved people fighting in rebel armies would hurt the South militarily.
B. Lincoln needed to appease African Americans in the North who were threatening to strike.
C. Lincoln believed that having a moral cause and enlisting freed African Americans would help win the war.
D. Lincoln wanted to encourage people in the cities of New York and Baltimore.

11. African American officers in the Louisiana Native Guard were_____.
A. all forced to resign long before the end of the war
B. all originally officers in the rebel Native Guard
C. the only African American officers in African American army units
D. only in the rebel Native Guard, not in the Native Guard serving in the Union forces

12. Which of the following statements about African Americans serving in the Union Army in the Civil War is correct?
A. African American troops formed more than 40% of the Union Army in the Civil War.
B. Because of prejudice, no African Americans received the Medal of Honor in the Civil War.
C. About 180,000 African American troops served in the Union Army.
D. All answers are correct

13. African American soldiers in the Civil War _____.
A. did not see much combat or danger
B. formed about 8% of the Union forces
C. were only led by white officers
D. did not volunteer but were drafted

14. Roughly how many of the 2.2 million Union soldiers in the Civil War were African American?
A. 1.8 million
B. 800,000
C. 180,000
D. 18,000

15. What was Robert Smalls's claim to fame in the Civil War?
A. In dangerous conditions, Smalls courageously piloted a rebel ship over to the Union side.
B. Smalls was the commander of the garrison that was massacred at Fort Pillow.
C. Smalls was the first African American to win a Medal of Honor for services at Fort Wagner.
D. Smalls was the first African American commissioned as an officer.

16. Where were African American troops first tested in combat?
A. Island Mound, Missouri
B. Fort Pillow, Tennessee
C. Fort Wagner, South Carolina
D. Port Hudson, Louisiana

17. Which African American unit(s) first saw combat in the Civil War?
A. the 1st Kansas Volunteer Infantry and the Louisiana Native Guard
B. the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry
C. the 1st South Carolina Volunteers
D. the 1st South Carolina Volunteers and the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry

18. Who captured the rebel ship Planter and piloted it to freedom?
A. Frederick Douglass
B. Robert Smalls
C. Benjamin Butler
D. Abraham Lincoln

19. What made the Emancipation Proclamation politically difficult for Lincoln?
A. Enslavers in loyal states such as Maryland, Kentucky, and Delaware feared it was a step toward full emancipation.
B. Now he had no chance of persuading enslavers in the South to rejoin the Union peacefully.
C. Prejudiced Northerners now viewed the war as being fought for the benefit of African Americans.
D. All answers are correct.

20. Lincoln hoped that the Emancipation Proclamation ____.
A. would upset the rebels' economy without alienating the North’s pro-slavery citizens
B. would finally end the debate over slavery by eliminating it forever
C. would at least end slavery in the North
D. would preserve slavery so that it would no longer be an issue in the war

21. Why were African American spies so effective in collecting black dispatches in Confederate territory?
A. They were trusted by many Confederate generals to take critical information to the frontlines.
B. They were able to set up listening posts all along the Confederate coastline.
C. African Americans could easily disguise themselves as servants, laborers or other enslaved people, and thus did not arouse suspicion.
D. They understood the practices and strategies of the Confederate armies better than most in the Union Army.

22. By yelling "Remember Fort Pillow!" African American soldiers showed that they _____.
A. remembered the glories of their previous victories
B. would fight to the death because the rebels would show them no mercy
C. remembered African American heroism in the War of 1812
D. remembered their first experience in combat during the war

23. Privately, Lincoln believed that slavery _____.
A. was morally wrong
B. was a financial disaster
C.was protected by the U.S. Constitution
D. was against the U.S. Constitution

24. Why might abolitionists have been unhappy with the Emancipation Proclamation when it was first issued?
A. It did not have the permanent guarantee or force of law.
B. It freed enslaved people in states where the Union had no power to ensure their freedom.
C. It did not free enslaved people in loyal states, such as Kentucky or Delaware.
D. All answers are correct.

25. When did the Union begin recruiting African American soldiers for formal army units in the Civil War?
A. as soon as the war began
B. after the Emancipation Proclamation
C. after the battle of Gettysburg
D. after the heroic actions at Fort Wagner

1. African Americans _____ in the Confederate armies. A. could on...