“The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish” (U.S. Const. art. III, § I). The United States Supreme Court is referred to as the “final court of appeal” and is composed of nine Justices, the Chief Justice and eight associate justices. The Supreme Court was created in 1787 by the Constitution in the Article III with an intention to rule on the cases that are conflicting with the laws of the Constitution and with foreign affair treaties. The U.S. Supreme Court is court of the highest authority in the judicial branch of the United States government. The Justices terms are unlimited and terminate when the Justice retires or is prevented from performing their duties. The United States Supreme Court two major purposes are to interpret the acts of Congress and the law, and to decide whether the statutes of the State are in line with the Constitution.

Appointing the Justices
The constitutional power to nominate Justices is vested in the President of the United States, alongside which are attached certain criteria that the candidate needs to meet. The criteria for presidential nominations of the Supreme Court Justices comprised of the candidate professional merits, compatibility of the ideologies argued for and president and political support given to the candidate.
According to the U.S. Constitution, the Senate withholds the rights to rule on the candidate appointment or rejection. The mere act of appointing the Supreme Court Justice is an important act of large political significance due to the extensive power that the Supreme Court exercises.
During the course of the President’s years in office a vacancy in the Court may not even occur as the appointments of Justices are infrequent, since the Justices are appointed for life. President enjoys no power to remove an appointed Justice from office, he can only be removed by the Congress. The process of selection and appointment goes first through the President who nominates the Justice then the Judiciary Committee considers it and the Senate approves or rejects it.
Over the course of history, the United States Supreme Court has had 110 Justices and 34 presidential rejections. The longest period in the past one hundred years, of the same Senate composition has lasted for 11 years, when there were no new appointees from 1994 to 2005.
The U.S. Constitution and statute do not provide detailed criteria for the Supreme Court Justice position, age and experience are not established, nor is the profession or citizenship.

Presidential nominations
Presidential nominations however do follow certain criteria, first of it being the professional merit, followed by the ideology. Presidential nominees support the philosophy argued for by the president. Another criteria is the mentorship that the candidate has or that the candidate is suggested by President’s influencers. The last criteria is the political debt to the nominee.
However, presidential nominations do have to be approved, and historically about twenty percent of presidential nominations for the Supreme Court have not been acted on or rejected by the Senate. In the time period from 1893 to 1986 the Senate rejected five Supreme Court nominees. When looking over the

Over the course of our history, the Senate has rejected numerous pr...