Question 1
Accountability is a value that places an emphasis on preventing harms or risks by motivating better practices and providing a starting point to assign responsibility. Which of the following are factors that are barriers to a culture of accountability? of
a. the problem of many hands in developing and deploying technology of
b. the distancing or dissociative effects of the use of technology
C. software ownership without liability for its quality or performance
d. both a and b-
e. all of the above
f. none of the above

Question 2
Professor Allen analyzes whether information privacy protection is a duty to oneself. She asserts that there are moral duties obligating moral agents to act in some ways rather than others. Moral agents are obligated to protect their own informational privacy based on:
a. preservation of one's reputation and future opportunity
b. promotion of dignity, autonomy, and freedom
C. prudence and self-interest ("I owe X to myself")
d. both a) and b)
e. all of the above
f. none of the above

Question 3
Government employees have a fiduciary duty to not disclose national security information without significant moral justification. Assuming a situation merits disclosure, which of the following statement(s) support(s) breaching this fiduciary duty?
a. Intelligence and counter-intelligence operations are critical tools.
b. Technology has made surveillance and communication more effective.
C. Disclosure is an effective check on wrongful conduct.
d. Mission-critical information should be reviewed internally.
e. all of the above
f. none of the above

Question 4
"Non-rivalrous" with respect to intellectual property and information, means that:
a. Jones's having the information or intellectual work does not exclude Smith from having it.
b. some information is discovered and some information is created.
C. copyright systems only protect ideas and not physical expressions
d. both a) and c)
e. all of the above
f. none of the above

Question 5
The "fair use" rule of copyright is:
a. a rule holding that those who own copies of an intangible work can make extra copies and sell these copies
b. allows protected intellectual works to be used without restrictions
C. limits the "second sale" of an intellectual work of
d. both a) and c)
e. none of the above

Question 6
U.S. Copyright protects:
a. new and useful processes, machines, articles of manufacture, or compositions of matter
b. secret lists of customer information organized alphabetically
C. symbols or designs, or laws of nature (e.g. Force=Mass X Exceleration)
d. a publisher's right to prohibit distortion, mutilation or other modification of his/her intangible works
e. both b) and c)
f. none of the above

Question 7
Patents protect:
a. words and short phrases
b. new and useful processes, machines, articles of manufacture, or compositions of matter
C. songs and fixed expressions
d. secrets used in business
e. dance and choreographic works
f. both a) and c)
g. none of the above

Question 8
Hettinger in "Justifying Intellectual Property" argues that Anglo-American institutions of intellectual property are best justified on a Lockean (labour-mixing) account.
a. true
b. false

Question 9
The utilitarian incentives-based argument for intellectual property rights justifies the "fair use" rule and the "first sale" rule by appealing to our moral duties to share independent of the consequences.
a. true
b. false

Question 10
Himma and Moore in "Intellectual Property" argue that:
a. intellectual property rights are just like physical property rights
b. there should be no intellectual property rights
C. intellectual property rights are justified on the Kantian ground by appealing to rationality
d. free speech is more important than intellectual property rights of
e. both a) and c)
f. both b) and d)
g. none of the above

Question 11
Professor Nissenbaum defines the conditions of moral blameworthiness and the two key notions of causation and fault. Explain how she uses the notions of causation to construct a framework for determining moral blameworthiness.

Question 12
Richard Stallman argues that "free software" is the only ethical approach to software. For Stallman, creating closed-source or proprietary software is unethical. First, explain briefly what Stallman means by "free software." Then identify the three levels of harm done by obstructing software.

Question 13
Professor Hettinger presents a prima facie argument against ownership of intellectual works based on non- rivalrousness. Present and critique this argument.

Question 14
Explain the "social nature of intellectual works" argument against intellectual property rights. Present in your own words what you consider to be the single most damaging criticism of this argument.

Question 1 Accountability is a value that places an emphasis on pr...